Bio diversity

Biological diversity' means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.

• Biodiversity is the variety of organisms in an area. It can be considered on different levels including habitat, species and genetic diversity of an area
• Habitat diversity refers to the range of habitats present in a region
• Species diversity is the number of species and the number of individuals within each species in a specified area. It takes into account species richness and species evenness.
• Species richness is a measure of the number of different species in a community.
• Species evenness is a measure of the relative abundances of different species in an area.

• Genetic diversity is the variety of all the genes (number of different alleles of genes) possessed by the individuals in a population or whole species
• Alleles are different forms of the same gene

• The greater the genetic diversity, the greater the ability of the species to adapt to a changing environment.
• Genetic diversity can be estimated by comparing physical characteristics or by analyzing genomes.

Importance of biology

Important reasons for studying biology are to understand how cells and organisms work. It involves the study of life and it is very important as it tells us about the natural world. Biology tells us about our body, helping us to develop cures and treatments for many diseases. It also tells us about the bodies of other animals and it can provide clinical treatment for farm animals and also pets.

Biology also tells us about plants and how they can be beneficial to human life. Biology gives us a method to classify animals and help us understand animals. It also tells us do's and don’ts for our planet. It gives us a thorough picture of human body and the organisms inside us, also about the metabolism and other processes inside the human body. Biology also tells us about the behavioral acts of humans and animals.

Biology as a science helps human life in many ways. It helps in increasing production of food, combating diseases and also aids in protecting and conserving our environment. The advances in the field of biology have resulted in high standard of living in the field of food and health. Production of plants has been increased by improving the varieties and development of high-yield and diseases resistant varieties of plants and animals that are used as food.

Biology is the study of living things that are basically of two categories plants and animals. Importance of plants in human life are: plants are useful to human life and hence there is necessity in carrying out studies and to also to find more benefits from them. Plants are used as food like beans, rice, wheat, potatoes, etc; as medicine, and also for shelter. Wood is used for roofing, furniture, plants help in air purification. We study animals as we live together with animals, to understand their behavior and benefits to human life. Some types of animals are also an important source of food.

Biology is an important area of study as it reveals the facts and has taken us where we are today. All the other fields of study are dependent on the facts that are revealed by the studies that are carried out in field of biology.

Life

Biology is the study of living things. It encompasses the cellular basis of living things, the energy metabolism that underlies the activities of life, and the genetic basis for inheritance in organisms. Biology also includes the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms and the diversity of life on Earth. It considers the biology of microorganisms, plants, and animals, for example, and it brings together the structural and functional relationships that underlie their day-to-day activities. Biology draws on the sciences of chemistry and physics for its foundations and applies the laws of these disciplines to living things.